diff --git a/src/browser/tests/element/class_list.html b/src/browser/tests/element/class_list.html
index d29d7612..4ae7258d 100644
--- a/src/browser/tests/element/class_list.html
+++ b/src/browser/tests/element/class_list.html
@@ -93,6 +93,29 @@
 }
 </script>
 
+<script id=replace_errors>
+{
+  const div = document.createElement('div');
+  div.className = 'foo bar';
+
+  testing.withError((err) => {
+    testing.expectEqual('SyntaxError', err.name);
+  }, () => div.classList.replace('', 'baz'));
+
+  testing.withError((err) => {
+    testing.expectEqual('SyntaxError', err.name);
+  }, () => div.classList.replace('foo', ''));
+
+  testing.withError((err) => {
+    testing.expectEqual('InvalidCharacterError', err.name);
+  }, () => div.classList.replace('foo bar', 'baz'));
+
+  testing.withError((err) => {
+    testing.expectEqual('InvalidCharacterError', err.name);
+  }, () => div.classList.replace('foo', 'bar baz'));
+}
+</script>
+
 <script id=item>
 {
   const div = document.createElement('div');
@@ -166,6 +189,29 @@
 }
 </script>
 
+<script id=classList_assignment>
+{
+  const div = document.createElement('div');
+
+  // Direct assignment should work (equivalent to classList.value = ...)
+  div.classList = 'foo bar baz';
+  testing.expectEqual('foo bar baz', div.className);
+  testing.expectEqual(3, div.classList.length);
+  testing.expectEqual(true, div.classList.contains('foo'));
+
+  // Assigning again should replace
+  div.classList = 'qux';
+  testing.expectEqual('qux', div.className);
+  testing.expectEqual(1, div.classList.length);
+  testing.expectEqual(false, div.classList.contains('foo'));
+
+  // Empty assignment
+  div.classList = '';
+  testing.expectEqual('', div.className);
+  testing.expectEqual(0, div.classList.length);
+}
+</script>
+
 <script id=errors>
 {
   const div = document.createElement('div');
diff --git a/src/browser/webapi/Element.zig b/src/browser/webapi/Element.zig
index a118ea11..81cef212 100644
--- a/src/browser/webapi/Element.zig
+++ b/src/browser/webapi/Element.zig
@@ -674,6 +674,11 @@ pub fn getClassList(self: *Element, page: *Page) !*collections.DOMTokenList {
     return gop.value_ptr.*;
 }
 
+pub fn setClassList(self: *Element, value: String, page: *Page) !void {
+    const class_list = try self.getClassList(page);
+    try class_list.setValue(value, page);
+}
+
 pub fn getRelList(self: *Element, page: *Page) !*collections.DOMTokenList {
     const gop = try page._element_rel_lists.getOrPut(page.arena, self);
     if (!gop.found_existing) {
@@ -1449,7 +1454,7 @@ pub const JsApi = struct {
     pub const slot = bridge.accessor(Element.getSlot, Element.setSlot, .{});
     pub const dir = bridge.accessor(Element.getDir, Element.setDir, .{});
     pub const className = bridge.accessor(Element.getClassName, Element.setClassName, .{});
-    pub const classList = bridge.accessor(Element.getClassList, null, .{});
+    pub const classList = bridge.accessor(Element.getClassList, Element.setClassList, .{});
     pub const dataset = bridge.accessor(Element.getDataset, null, .{});
     pub const style = bridge.accessor(Element.getStyle, null, .{});
     pub const attributes = bridge.accessor(Element.getAttributeNamedNodeMap, null, .{});
diff --git a/src/browser/webapi/collections/DOMTokenList.zig b/src/browser/webapi/collections/DOMTokenList.zig
index 2976fb65..42bcb2ab 100644
--- a/src/browser/webapi/collections/DOMTokenList.zig
+++ b/src/browser/webapi/collections/DOMTokenList.zig
@@ -138,21 +138,59 @@ pub fn toggle(self: *DOMTokenList, token: []const u8, force: ?bool, page: *Page)
 }
 
 pub fn replace(self: *DOMTokenList, old_token: []const u8, new_token: []const u8, page: *Page) !bool {
-    try validateToken(old_token);
-    try validateToken(new_token);
+    // Validate in spec order: both empty first, then both whitespace
+    if (old_token.len == 0 or new_token.len == 0) {
+        return error.SyntaxError;
+    }
+    if (std.mem.indexOfAny(u8, old_token, WHITESPACE) != null) {
+        return error.InvalidCharacterError;
+    }
+    if (std.mem.indexOfAny(u8, new_token, WHITESPACE) != null) {
+        return error.InvalidCharacterError;
+    }
 
     var lookup = try self.getTokens(page);
-    if (lookup.contains(new_token)) {
-        if (std.mem.eql(u8, new_token, old_token) == false) {
-            _ = lookup.orderedRemove(old_token);
-            try self.updateAttribute(lookup, page);
-        }
+
+    // Check if old_token exists
+    if (!lookup.contains(old_token)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // If replacing with the same token, still need to trigger mutation
+    if (std.mem.eql(u8, new_token, old_token)) {
+        try self.updateAttribute(lookup, page);
         return true;
     }
 
-    const key_ptr = lookup.getKeyPtr(old_token) orelse return false;
-    key_ptr.* = new_token;
-    try self.updateAttribute(lookup, page);
+    const allocator = page.call_arena;
+    // Build new token list preserving order but replacing old with new
+    var new_tokens = try std.ArrayList([]const u8).initCapacity(allocator, lookup.count());
+    var replaced_old = false;
+
+    for (lookup.keys()) |token| {
+        if (std.mem.eql(u8, token, old_token) and !replaced_old) {
+            new_tokens.appendAssumeCapacity(new_token);
+            replaced_old = true;
+        } else if (std.mem.eql(u8, token, old_token)) {
+            // Subsequent occurrences of old_token: skip (remove duplicates)
+            continue;
+        } else if (std.mem.eql(u8, token, new_token) and replaced_old) {
+            // Occurrence of new_token AFTER replacement: skip (remove duplicate)
+            continue;
+        } else {
+            // Any other token (including new_token before replacement): keep it
+            new_tokens.appendAssumeCapacity(token);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Rebuild lookup
+    var new_lookup: Lookup = .empty;
+    try new_lookup.ensureTotalCapacity(allocator, new_tokens.items.len);
+    for (new_tokens.items) |token| {
+        try new_lookup.put(allocator, token, {});
+    }
+
+    try self.updateAttribute(new_lookup, page);
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -226,8 +264,16 @@ fn validateToken(token: []const u8) !void {
 }
 
 fn updateAttribute(self: *DOMTokenList, tokens: Lookup, page: *Page) !void {
-    const joined = try std.mem.join(page.call_arena, " ", tokens.keys());
-    try self._element.setAttribute(self._attribute_name, .wrap(joined), page);
+    if (tokens.count() > 0) {
+        const joined = try std.mem.join(page.call_arena, " ", tokens.keys());
+        return self._element.setAttribute(self._attribute_name, .wrap(joined), page);
+    }
+
+    // Only remove attribute if it didn't exist before (was null)
+    // If it existed (even as ""), set it to "" to preserve its existence
+    if (self._element.hasAttributeSafe(self._attribute_name)) {
+        try self._element.setAttribute(self._attribute_name, .wrap(""), page);
+    }
 }
 
 const Iterator = struct {