diff --git a/src/browser/js/Caller.zig b/src/browser/js/Caller.zig
index 7d0b5186..9f48d345 100644
--- a/src/browser/js/Caller.zig
+++ b/src/browser/js/Caller.zig
@@ -312,14 +312,14 @@ fn isInErrorSet(err: anyerror, comptime T: type) bool {
 }
 
 fn nameToString(self: *const Caller, comptime T: type, name: *const v8.Name) !T {
-    const v8_string = @as(*const v8.String, @ptrCast(name));
+    const handle = @as(*const v8.String, @ptrCast(name));
     if (T == string.String) {
-        return self.local.jsStringToStringSSO(v8_string, .{});
+        return js.String.toSSO(.{ .local = &self.local, .handle = handle }, false);
     }
     if (T == string.Global) {
-        return self.local.jsStringToStringSSO(v8_string, .{ .allocator = self.local.ctx.allocator });
+        return js.String.toSSO(.{ .local = &self.local, .handle = handle }, true);
     }
-    return try self.local.valueHandleToString(v8_string, .{});
+    return try js.String.toSlice(.{ .local = &self.local, .handle = handle });
 }
 
 fn handleError(self: *Caller, comptime T: type, comptime F: type, err: anyerror, info: anytype, comptime opts: CallOpts) void {
diff --git a/src/browser/js/Context.zig b/src/browser/js/Context.zig
index e4f90d6f..119dbf23 100644
--- a/src/browser/js/Context.zig
+++ b/src/browser/js/Context.zig
@@ -359,9 +359,13 @@ pub fn module(self: *Context, comptime want_result: bool, local: *const js.Local
 
         // Some module-loading errors aren't handled by TryCatch. We need to
         // get the error from the module itself.
+        const message = blk: {
+            const e = mod.getException().toString() catch break :blk "???";
+            break :blk e.toSlice() catch "???";
+        };
         log.warn(.js, "evaluate module", .{
+            .message = message,
             .specifier = owned_url,
-            .message = mod.getException().toString(.{}) catch "???",
         });
         return error.EvaluationError;
     };
@@ -459,11 +463,11 @@ fn postCompileModule(self: *Context, mod: js.Module, url: [:0]const u8, local: *
     const request_len = requests.len();
     const script_manager = self.script_manager.?;
     for (0..request_len) |i| {
-        const specifier = try local.jsStringToZigZ(requests.get(i).specifier(), .{});
+        const specifier = requests.get(i).specifier(local);
         const normalized_specifier = try script_manager.resolveSpecifier(
             self.call_arena,
             url,
-            specifier,
+            try specifier.toSliceZ(),
         );
         const nested_gop = try self.module_cache.getOrPut(self.arena, normalized_specifier);
         if (!nested_gop.found_existing) {
@@ -496,14 +500,14 @@ fn resolveModuleCallback(
     _ = import_attributes;
 
     const self = fromC(c_context.?);
-    var local = js.Local{
+    const local = js.Local{
         .ctx = self,
         .handle = c_context.?,
         .isolate = self.isolate,
         .call_arena = self.call_arena,
     };
 
-    const specifier = local.jsStringToZigZ(c_specifier.?, .{}) catch |err| {
+    const specifier = js.String.toSliceZ(.{ .local = &local, .handle = c_specifier.? }) catch |err| {
         log.err(.js, "resolve module", .{ .err = err });
         return null;
     };
@@ -529,19 +533,19 @@ pub fn dynamicModuleCallback(
     _ = import_attrs;
 
     const self = fromC(c_context.?);
-    var local = js.Local{
+    const local = js.Local{
         .ctx = self,
         .handle = c_context.?,
         .call_arena = self.call_arena,
         .isolate = self.isolate,
     };
 
-    const resource = local.jsStringToZigZ(resource_name.?, .{}) catch |err| {
+    const resource = js.String.toSliceZ(.{ .local = &local, .handle = resource_name.? }) catch |err| {
         log.err(.app, "OOM", .{ .err = err, .src = "dynamicModuleCallback1" });
         return @constCast((local.rejectPromise("Out of memory") catch return null).handle);
     };
 
-    const specifier = local.jsStringToZigZ(v8_specifier.?, .{}) catch |err| {
+    const specifier = js.String.toSliceZ(.{ .local = &local, .handle = v8_specifier.? }) catch |err| {
         log.err(.app, "OOM", .{ .err = err, .src = "dynamicModuleCallback2" });
         return @constCast((local.rejectPromise("Out of memory") catch return null).handle);
     };
diff --git a/src/browser/js/Env.zig b/src/browser/js/Env.zig
index b181048c..e0e2d2be 100644
--- a/src/browser/js/Env.zig
+++ b/src/browser/js/Env.zig
@@ -335,8 +335,7 @@ fn promiseRejectCallback(message_handle: v8.PromiseRejectMessage) callconv(.c) v
 
     const value =
         if (v8.v8__PromiseRejectMessage__GetValue(&message_handle)) |v8_value|
-            // @HandleScope - no reason to create a js.Context here
-            local.valueHandleToString(v8_value, .{}) catch |err| @errorName(err)
+            js.Value.toStringSlice(.{ .local = &local, .handle = v8_value }) catch |err| @errorName(err)
         else
             "no value";
 
diff --git a/src/browser/js/Local.zig b/src/browser/js/Local.zig
index c47a71a7..2d20e7ab 100644
--- a/src/browser/js/Local.zig
+++ b/src/browser/js/Local.zig
@@ -473,10 +473,10 @@ pub fn jsValueToZig(self: *const Local, comptime T: type, js_val: js.Value) !T {
                 if (ptr.child == u8) {
                     if (ptr.sentinel()) |s| {
                         if (comptime s == 0) {
-                            return self.valueToStringZ(js_val, .{});
+                            return try js_val.toStringSliceZ();
                         }
                     } else {
-                        return self.valueToString(js_val, .{});
+                        return try js_val.toStringSlice();
                     }
                 }
 
@@ -549,10 +549,8 @@ pub fn jsValueToZig(self: *const Local, comptime T: type, js_val: js.Value) !T {
         },
         .@"enum" => |e| {
             if (@hasDecl(T, "js_enum_from_string")) {
-                if (!js_val.isString()) {
-                    return error.InvalidArgument;
-                }
-                return std.meta.stringToEnum(T, try self.valueToString(js_val, .{})) orelse return error.InvalidArgument;
+                const js_str = js_val.isString() orelse return error.InvalidArgument;
+                return std.meta.stringToEnum(T, try js_str.toSlice()) orelse return error.InvalidArgument;
             }
             switch (@typeInfo(e.tag_type)) {
                 .int => return std.meta.intToEnum(T, try jsIntToZig(e.tag_type, js_val)),
@@ -625,17 +623,12 @@ fn jsValueToStruct(self: *const Local, comptime T: type, js_val: js.Value) !?T {
             return try promise.persist();
         },
         string.String => {
-            if (!js_val.isString()) {
-                return null;
-            }
-            return try self.valueToStringSSO(js_val, .{ .allocator = self.ctx.call_arena });
+            const js_str = js_val.isString() orelse return null;
+            return try js_str.toSSO(false);
         },
         string.Global => {
-            if (!js_val.isString()) {
-                return null;
-            }
-            // Use arena for persistent strings
-            return .{ .str = try self.valueToStringSSO(js_val, .{ .allocator = self.ctx.arena }) };
+            const js_str = js_val.isString() orelse return null;
+            return try js_str.toSSO(true);
         },
         else => {
             if (!js_val.isObject()) {
@@ -883,7 +876,7 @@ fn probeJsValueToZig(self: *const Local, comptime T: type, js_val: js.Value) !Pr
                 }
 
                 if (ptr.child == u8) {
-                    if (js_val.isString()) {
+                    if (v8.v8__Value__IsString(js_val.handle)) {
                         return .{ .ok = {} };
                     }
                     // anything can be coerced into a string
@@ -931,10 +924,11 @@ fn probeJsValueToZig(self: *const Local, comptime T: type, js_val: js.Value) !Pr
                         if (js_arr.len() == arr.len) {
                             return .{ .ok = {} };
                         }
-                    } else if (js_val.isString() and arr.child == u8) {
-                        const str = try js_val.toString(self.local);
-                        if (str.lenUtf8(self.isolate) == arr.len) {
-                            return .{ .ok = {} };
+                    } else if (arr.child == u8) {
+                        if (js_val.isString()) |js_str| {
+                            if (js_str.lenUtf8(self.isolate) == arr.len) {
+                                return .{ .ok = {} };
+                            }
                         }
                     }
                     return .{ .invalid = {} };
@@ -947,7 +941,7 @@ fn probeJsValueToZig(self: *const Local, comptime T: type, js_val: js.Value) !Pr
         .@"struct" => {
             // Handle string.String and string.Global specially
             if (T == string.String or T == string.Global) {
-                if (js_val.isString()) {
+                if (v8.v8__Value__IsString(js_val.handle)) {
                     return .{ .ok = {} };
                 }
                 // Anything can be coerced to a string
@@ -1080,14 +1074,15 @@ pub fn stackTrace(self: *const Local) !?[]const u8 {
     const frame_count = v8.v8__StackTrace__GetFrameCount(stack_trace_handle);
 
     if (v8.v8__StackTrace__CurrentScriptNameOrSourceURL__STATIC(isolate.handle)) |script| {
-        try writer.print("{s}<{s}>", .{ separator, try self.jsStringToZig(script, .{}) });
+        const stack = js.String{ .local = self, .handle = script };
+        try writer.print("{s}<{f}>", .{ separator, stack });
     }
 
     for (0..@intCast(frame_count)) |i| {
         const frame_handle = v8.v8__StackTrace__GetFrame(stack_trace_handle, isolate.handle, @intCast(i)).?;
         if (v8.v8__StackFrame__GetFunctionName(frame_handle)) |name| {
-            const script = try self.jsStringToZig(name, .{});
-            try writer.print("{s}{s}:{d}", .{ separator, script, v8.v8__StackFrame__GetLineNumber(frame_handle) });
+            const script = js.String{ .local = self, .handle = name };
+            try writer.print("{s}{f}:{d}", .{ separator, script, v8.v8__StackFrame__GetLineNumber(frame_handle) });
         } else {
             try writer.print("{s}<anonymous>:{d}", .{ separator, v8.v8__StackFrame__GetLineNumber(frame_handle) });
         }
@@ -1095,100 +1090,6 @@ pub fn stackTrace(self: *const Local) !?[]const u8 {
     return buf.items;
 }
 
-// == Stringifiers ==
-const ToStringOpts = struct {
-    allocator: ?Allocator = null,
-};
-pub fn valueToString(self: *const Local, js_val: js.Value, opts: ToStringOpts) ![]u8 {
-    return self.valueHandleToString(js_val.handle, opts);
-}
-pub fn valueToStringZ(self: *const Local, js_val: js.Value, opts: ToStringOpts) ![:0]u8 {
-    return self.valueHandleToStringZ(js_val.handle, opts);
-}
-
-pub fn valueHandleToString(self: *const Local, js_val: *const v8.Value, opts: ToStringOpts) ![]u8 {
-    return self._valueToString(false, js_val, opts);
-}
-pub fn valueHandleToStringZ(self: *const Local, js_val: *const v8.Value, opts: ToStringOpts) ![:0]u8 {
-    return self._valueToString(true, js_val, opts);
-}
-
-fn _valueToString(self: *const Local, comptime null_terminate: bool, value_handle: *const v8.Value, opts: ToStringOpts) !(if (null_terminate) [:0]u8 else []u8) {
-    var resolved_value_handle = value_handle;
-    if (v8.v8__Value__IsSymbol(value_handle)) {
-        const symbol_handle = v8.v8__Symbol__Description(@ptrCast(value_handle), self.isolate.handle).?;
-        resolved_value_handle = @ptrCast(symbol_handle);
-    }
-
-    const string_handle = v8.v8__Value__ToString(resolved_value_handle, self.handle) orelse {
-        return error.JsException;
-    };
-
-    return self._jsStringToZig(null_terminate, string_handle, opts);
-}
-
-pub fn jsStringToZig(self: *const Local, str: anytype, opts: ToStringOpts) ![]u8 {
-    return self._jsStringToZig(false, str, opts);
-}
-pub fn jsStringToZigZ(self: *const Local, str: anytype, opts: ToStringOpts) ![:0]u8 {
-    return self._jsStringToZig(true, str, opts);
-}
-fn _jsStringToZig(self: *const Local, comptime null_terminate: bool, str: anytype, opts: ToStringOpts) !(if (null_terminate) [:0]u8 else []u8) {
-    const handle = if (@TypeOf(str) == js.String) str.handle else str;
-
-    const len = v8.v8__String__Utf8Length(handle, self.isolate.handle);
-    const allocator = opts.allocator orelse self.call_arena;
-    const buf = try (if (comptime null_terminate) allocator.allocSentinel(u8, @intCast(len), 0) else allocator.alloc(u8, @intCast(len)));
-    const n = v8.v8__String__WriteUtf8(handle, self.isolate.handle, buf.ptr, buf.len, v8.NO_NULL_TERMINATION | v8.REPLACE_INVALID_UTF8);
-    std.debug.assert(n == len);
-
-    return buf;
-}
-
-// Convert JS string to string.String with SSO
-pub fn valueToStringSSO(self: *const Local, js_val: js.Value, opts: ToStringOpts) !string.String {
-    const string_handle = v8.v8__Value__ToString(js_val.handle, self.handle) orelse {
-        return error.JsException;
-    };
-    return self.jsStringToStringSSO(string_handle, opts);
-}
-
-pub fn jsStringToStringSSO(self: *const Local, str: anytype, opts: ToStringOpts) !string.String {
-    const handle = if (@TypeOf(str) == js.String) str.handle else str;
-    const len: usize = @intCast(v8.v8__String__Utf8Length(handle, self.isolate.handle));
-
-    if (len <= 12) {
-        var content: [12]u8 = undefined;
-        const n = v8.v8__String__WriteUtf8(handle, self.isolate.handle, &content[0], content.len, v8.NO_NULL_TERMINATION | v8.REPLACE_INVALID_UTF8);
-        if (comptime IS_DEBUG) {
-            std.debug.assert(n == len);
-        }
-        // Weird that we do this _after_, but we have to..I've seen weird issues
-        // in ReleaseMode where v8 won't write to content if it starts off zero
-        // initiated
-        @memset(content[len..], 0);
-        return .{ .len = @intCast(len), .payload = .{ .content = content } };
-    }
-
-    const allocator = opts.allocator orelse self.call_arena;
-    const buf = try allocator.alloc(u8, len);
-    const n = v8.v8__String__WriteUtf8(handle, self.isolate.handle, buf.ptr, buf.len, v8.NO_NULL_TERMINATION | v8.REPLACE_INVALID_UTF8);
-    if (comptime IS_DEBUG) {
-        std.debug.assert(n == len);
-    }
-
-    var prefix: [4]u8 = @splat(0);
-    @memcpy(&prefix, buf[0..4]);
-
-    return .{
-        .len = @intCast(len),
-        .payload = .{ .heap = .{
-            .prefix = prefix,
-            .ptr = buf.ptr,
-        } },
-    };
-}
-
 // == Promise Helpers ==
 pub fn rejectPromise(self: *const Local, value: anytype) !js.Promise {
     var resolver = js.PromiseResolver.init(self);
@@ -1233,18 +1134,16 @@ fn _debugValue(self: *const Local, js_val: js.Value, seen: *std.AutoHashMapUnman
 
         if (js_val.isSymbol()) {
             const symbol_handle = v8.v8__Symbol__Description(@ptrCast(js_val.handle), self.isolate.handle).?;
-            const js_sym_str = try self.valueToString(.{ .local = self, .handle = symbol_handle }, .{});
-            return writer.print("{s} (symbol)", .{js_sym_str});
+            return writer.print("{f} (symbol)", .{js.String{ .local = self, .handle = @ptrCast(symbol_handle) }});
         }
-        const js_type = try self.jsStringToZig(js_val.typeOf(), .{});
-        const js_val_str = try self.valueToString(js_val, .{});
+        const js_val_str = try js_val.toStringSlice();
         if (js_val_str.len > 2000) {
             try writer.writeAll(js_val_str[0..2000]);
             try writer.writeAll(" ... (truncated)");
         } else {
             try writer.writeAll(js_val_str);
         }
-        return writer.print(" ({s})", .{js_type});
+        return writer.print(" ({f})", .{js_val.typeOf()});
     }
 
     const js_obj = js_val.toObject();
@@ -1266,7 +1165,7 @@ fn _debugValue(self: *const Local, js_val: js.Value, seen: *std.AutoHashMapUnman
     }
     const own_len = js_obj.getOwnPropertyNames().len();
     if (own_len == 0) {
-        const js_val_str = try self.valueToString(js_val, .{});
+        const js_val_str = try js_val.toStringSlice();
         if (js_val_str.len > 2000) {
             try writer.writeAll(js_val_str[0..2000]);
             return writer.writeAll(" ... (truncated)");
@@ -1281,10 +1180,11 @@ fn _debugValue(self: *const Local, js_val: js.Value, seen: *std.AutoHashMapUnman
             try writer.writeByte('\n');
         }
         const field_name = try names_arr.get(@intCast(i));
-        const name = try self.valueToString(field_name, .{});
+        const name = try field_name.toStringSlice();
         try writer.splatByteAll(' ', depth);
         try writer.writeAll(name);
         try writer.writeAll(": ");
+
         const field_val = try js_obj.get(name);
         try self._debugValue(field_val, seen, depth + 1, writer);
         if (i != len - 1) {
diff --git a/src/browser/js/Module.zig b/src/browser/js/Module.zig
index c77c46fa..1e290d2d 100644
--- a/src/browser/js/Module.zig
+++ b/src/browser/js/Module.zig
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ const Requests = struct {
 const Request = struct {
     handle: *const v8.ModuleRequest,
 
-    pub fn specifier(self: Request) *const v8.String {
-        return v8.v8__ModuleRequest__GetSpecifier(self.handle).?;
+    pub fn specifier(self: Request, local: *const js.Local) js.String {
+        return .{ .local = local, .handle = v8.v8__ModuleRequest__GetSpecifier(self.handle).? };
     }
 };
diff --git a/src/browser/js/Object.zig b/src/browser/js/Object.zig
index 2cd7d243..4035eee7 100644
--- a/src/browser/js/Object.zig
+++ b/src/browser/js/Object.zig
@@ -197,8 +197,8 @@ pub const NameIterator = struct {
         }
         self.idx += 1;
 
-        const js_val_handle = v8.v8__Object__GetIndex(@ptrCast(self.handle), self.local.handle, idx) orelse return error.JsException;
-        const js_val = js.Value{ .local = self.local, .handle = js_val_handle };
-        return try self.local.valueToString(js_val, .{});
+        const local = self.local;
+        const js_val_handle = v8.v8__Object__GetIndex(@ptrCast(self.handle), local.handle, idx) orelse return error.JsException;
+        return try js.Value.toStringSlice(.{ .local = local, .handle = js_val_handle });
     }
 };
diff --git a/src/browser/js/String.zig b/src/browser/js/String.zig
index 3d0ad6ad..04eda642 100644
--- a/src/browser/js/String.zig
+++ b/src/browser/js/String.zig
@@ -18,8 +18,10 @@
 
 const std = @import("std");
 const js = @import("js.zig");
+const SSO = @import("../../string.zig").String;
 
 const Allocator = std.mem.Allocator;
+const IS_DEBUG = @import("builtin").mode == .Debug;
 
 const v8 = js.v8;
 
@@ -28,26 +30,82 @@ const String = @This();
 local: *const js.Local,
 handle: *const v8.String,
 
-pub const ToZigOpts = struct {
-    allocator: ?Allocator = null,
-};
-
-pub fn toZig(self: String, opts: ToZigOpts) ![]u8 {
-    return self._toZig(false, opts);
+pub fn toSlice(self: String) ![]u8 {
+    return self._toSlice(false, self.local.call_arena);
 }
-
-pub fn toZigZ(self: String, opts: ToZigOpts) ![:0]u8 {
-    return self._toZig(true, opts);
+pub fn toSliceZ(self: String) ![:0]u8 {
+    return self._toSlice(true, self.local.call_arena);
 }
+pub fn toSliceWithAlloc(self: String, allocator: Allocator) ![]u8 {
+    return self._toSlice(false, allocator);
+}
+fn _toSlice(self: String, comptime null_terminate: bool, allocator: Allocator) !(if (null_terminate) [:0]u8 else []u8) {
+    const local = self.local;
+    const handle = self.handle;
+    const isolate = local.isolate.handle;
 
-fn _toZig(self: String, comptime null_terminate: bool, opts: ToZigOpts) !(if (null_terminate) [:0]u8 else []u8) {
-    const isolate = self.local.isolate.handle;
-    const allocator = opts.allocator orelse self.local.ctx.call_arena;
-    const len: u32 = @intCast(v8.v8__String__Utf8Length(self.handle, isolate));
-    const buf = if (null_terminate) try allocator.allocSentinel(u8, len, 0) else try allocator.alloc(u8, len);
+    const len = v8.v8__String__Utf8Length(handle, isolate);
+    const buf = try (if (comptime null_terminate) allocator.allocSentinel(u8, @intCast(len), 0) else allocator.alloc(u8, @intCast(len)));
+    const n = v8.v8__String__WriteUtf8(handle, isolate, buf.ptr, buf.len, v8.NO_NULL_TERMINATION | v8.REPLACE_INVALID_UTF8);
+    if (comptime IS_DEBUG) {
+        std.debug.assert(n == len);
+    }
 
-    const options = v8.NO_NULL_TERMINATION | v8.REPLACE_INVALID_UTF8;
-    const n = v8.v8__String__WriteUtf8(self.handle, isolate, buf.ptr, buf.len, options);
-    std.debug.assert(n == len);
     return buf;
 }
+
+pub fn toSSO(self: String, comptime global: bool) !(if (global) SSO.Global else SSO) {
+    if (comptime global) {
+        return .{ .str = try self.toSSOWithAlloc(self.local.ctx.arena) };
+    }
+    return self.toSSOWithAlloc(self.local.call_arena);
+}
+pub fn toSSOWithAlloc(self: String, allocator: Allocator) !SSO {
+    const handle = self.handle;
+    const isolate = self.local.isolate.handle;
+
+    const len: usize = @intCast(v8.v8__String__Utf8Length(handle, isolate));
+
+    if (len <= 12) {
+        var content: [12]u8 = undefined;
+        const n = v8.v8__String__WriteUtf8(handle, isolate, &content[0], content.len, v8.NO_NULL_TERMINATION | v8.REPLACE_INVALID_UTF8);
+        if (comptime IS_DEBUG) {
+            std.debug.assert(n == len);
+        }
+        // Weird that we do this _after_, but we have to..I've seen weird issues
+        // in ReleaseMode where v8 won't write to content if it starts off zero
+        // initiated
+        @memset(content[len..], 0);
+        return .{ .len = @intCast(len), .payload = .{ .content = content } };
+    }
+
+    const buf = try allocator.alloc(u8, len);
+    const n = v8.v8__String__WriteUtf8(handle, isolate, buf.ptr, buf.len, v8.NO_NULL_TERMINATION | v8.REPLACE_INVALID_UTF8);
+    if (comptime IS_DEBUG) {
+        std.debug.assert(n == len);
+    }
+
+    var prefix: [4]u8 = @splat(0);
+    @memcpy(&prefix, buf[0..4]);
+
+    return .{
+        .len = @intCast(len),
+        .payload = .{ .heap = .{
+            .prefix = prefix,
+            .ptr = buf.ptr,
+        } },
+    };
+}
+
+pub fn format(self: String, writer: *std.Io.Writer) !void {
+    const local = self.local;
+    const handle = self.handle;
+    const isolate = local.isolate.handle;
+
+    var small: [1024]u8 = undefined;
+    const len = v8.v8__String__Utf8Length(handle, isolate);
+    var buf = if (len < 1024) &small else local.call_arena.alloc(u8, @intCast(len)) catch return error.WriteFailed;
+
+    const n = v8.v8__String__WriteUtf8(handle, isolate, buf.ptr, buf.len, v8.NO_NULL_TERMINATION | v8.REPLACE_INVALID_UTF8);
+    return writer.writeAll(buf[0..n]);
+}
diff --git a/src/browser/js/TryCatch.zig b/src/browser/js/TryCatch.zig
index 8554e312..3b2e24f2 100644
--- a/src/browser/js/TryCatch.zig
+++ b/src/browser/js/TryCatch.zig
@@ -46,12 +46,12 @@ pub fn caught(self: TryCatch, allocator: Allocator) ?Caught {
 
     const exception: ?[]const u8 = blk: {
         const handle = v8.v8__TryCatch__Exception(&self.handle) orelse break :blk null;
-        break :blk l.valueHandleToString(@ptrCast(handle), .{ .allocator = allocator }) catch |err| @errorName(err);
+        break :blk js.String.toSliceWithAlloc(.{ .local = l, .handle = @ptrCast(handle) }, allocator) catch |err| @errorName(err);
     };
 
     const stack: ?[]const u8 = blk: {
         const handle = v8.v8__TryCatch__StackTrace(&self.handle, l.handle) orelse break :blk null;
-        break :blk l.valueHandleToString(@ptrCast(handle), .{ .allocator = allocator }) catch |err| @errorName(err);
+        break :blk js.String.toSliceWithAlloc(.{ .local = l, .handle = @ptrCast(handle) }, allocator) catch |err| @errorName(err);
     };
 
     return .{
diff --git a/src/browser/js/Value.zig b/src/browser/js/Value.zig
index d76313d5..7963ae7c 100644
--- a/src/browser/js/Value.zig
+++ b/src/browser/js/Value.zig
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 const std = @import("std");
 const js = @import("js.zig");
+const SSO = @import("../../string.zig").String;
 
 const v8 = js.v8;
 
@@ -34,8 +35,12 @@ pub fn isObject(self: Value) bool {
     return v8.v8__Value__IsObject(self.handle);
 }
 
-pub fn isString(self: Value) bool {
-    return v8.v8__Value__IsString(self.handle);
+pub fn isString(self: Value) ?js.String {
+    const handle = self.handle;
+    if (!v8.v8__Value__IsString(handle)) {
+        return null;
+    }
+    return .{ .local = self.local, .handle = @ptrCast(handle) };
 }
 
 pub fn isArray(self: Value) bool {
@@ -204,35 +209,40 @@ pub fn toPromise(self: Value) js.Promise {
     };
 }
 
-pub fn toString(self: Value, opts: js.String.ToZigOpts) ![]u8 {
-    return self._toString(false, opts);
+pub fn toString(self: Value) !js.String {
+    const l = self.local;
+    const value_handle: *const v8.Value = blk: {
+        if (self.isSymbol()) {
+            break :blk @ptrCast(v8.v8__Symbol__Description(@ptrCast(self.handle), l.isolate.handle).?);
+        }
+        break :blk self.handle;
+    };
+
+    const str_handle = v8.v8__Value__ToString(value_handle, l.handle) orelse return error.JsException;
+    return .{ .local = self.local, .handle = str_handle };
 }
-pub fn toStringZ(self: Value, opts: js.String.ToZigOpts) ![:0]u8 {
-    return self._toString(true, opts);
+
+pub fn toSSO(self: Value, comptime global: bool) !(if (global) SSO.Global else SSO) {
+    return (try self.toString()).toSSO(global);
+}
+pub fn toSSOWithAlloc(self: Value, allocator: Allocator) !SSO {
+    return (try self.toString()).toSSOWithAlloc(allocator);
+}
+
+pub fn toStringSlice(self: Value) ![]u8 {
+    return (try self.toString()).toSlice();
+}
+pub fn toStringSliceZ(self: Value) ![:0]u8 {
+    return (try self.toString()).toSliceZ();
+}
+pub fn toStringSliceWithAlloc(self: Value, allocator: Allocator) ![]u8 {
+    return (try self.toString()).toSliceWithAlloc(allocator);
 }
 
 pub fn toJson(self: Value, allocator: Allocator) ![]u8 {
-    const json_str_handle = v8.v8__JSON__Stringify(self.local.handle, self.handle, null) orelse return error.JsException;
-    return self.local.jsStringToZig(json_str_handle, .{ .allocator = allocator });
-}
-
-fn _toString(self: Value, comptime null_terminate: bool, opts: js.String.ToZigOpts) !(if (null_terminate) [:0]u8 else []u8) {
-    const l = self.local;
-
-    if (self.isSymbol()) {
-        const sym_handle = v8.v8__Symbol__Description(@ptrCast(self.handle), l.isolate.handle).?;
-        return _toString(.{ .handle = @ptrCast(sym_handle), .local = l }, null_terminate, opts);
-    }
-
-    const str_handle = v8.v8__Value__ToString(self.handle, l.handle) orelse {
-        return error.JsException;
-    };
-
-    const str = js.String{ .local = l, .handle = str_handle };
-    if (comptime null_terminate) {
-        return js.String.toZigZ(str, opts);
-    }
-    return js.String.toZig(str, opts);
+    const local = self.local;
+    const str_handle = v8.v8__JSON__Stringify(local.handle, self.handle, null) orelse return error.JsException;
+    return js.String.toSliceWithAlloc(.{ .local = local, .handle = str_handle }, allocator);
 }
 
 pub fn persist(self: Value) !Global {
@@ -296,8 +306,8 @@ pub fn format(self: Value, writer: *std.Io.Writer) !void {
     if (comptime IS_DEBUG) {
         return self.local.debugValue(self, writer);
     }
-    const str = self.toString(.{}) catch return error.WriteFailed;
-    return writer.writeAll(str);
+    const js_str = self.toString() catch return error.WriteFailed;
+    return js_str.format(writer);
 }
 
 pub const Temp = G(0);
diff --git a/src/browser/js/bridge.zig b/src/browser/js/bridge.zig
index 9860d98f..a5ce1fae 100644
--- a/src/browser/js/bridge.zig
+++ b/src/browser/js/bridge.zig
@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ pub fn unknownPropertyCallback(c_name: ?*const v8.Name, handle: ?*const v8.Prope
     hs.init(local.isolate);
     defer hs.deinit();
 
-    const property: []const u8 = local.valueHandleToString(@ptrCast(c_name.?), .{}) catch {
+    const property: []const u8 = js.String.toSlice(.{ .local = local, .handle = @ptrCast(c_name.?) }) catch {
         return 0;
     };
 
diff --git a/src/browser/webapi/AbortSignal.zig b/src/browser/webapi/AbortSignal.zig
index 8db60a70..0bb93886 100644
--- a/src/browser/webapi/AbortSignal.zig
+++ b/src/browser/webapi/AbortSignal.zig
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ pub fn throwIfAborted(self: *const AbortSignal, page: *Page) !ThrowIfAborted {
     if (self._aborted) {
         const exception = switch (self._reason) {
             .string => |str| local.throw(str),
-            .js_val => |js_val| local.throw(try local.toLocal(js_val).toString(.{ .allocator = page.call_arena })),
+            .js_val => |js_val| local.throw(try local.toLocal(js_val).toStringSlice()),
             .undefined => local.throw("AbortError"),
         };
         return .{ .exception = exception };
diff --git a/src/browser/webapi/Console.zig b/src/browser/webapi/Console.zig
index ab1fc12f..3318dc2c 100644
--- a/src/browser/webapi/Console.zig
+++ b/src/browser/webapi/Console.zig
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ const ValueWriter = struct {
         var buf: [32]u8 = undefined;
         for (self.values, 0..) |value, i| {
             const name = try std.fmt.bufPrint(&buf, "param.{d}", .{i});
-            try writer.write(name, try value.toString(.{}));
+            try writer.write(name, value);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/browser/webapi/CustomElementRegistry.zig b/src/browser/webapi/CustomElementRegistry.zig
index 461e7c6a..077d229b 100644
--- a/src/browser/webapi/CustomElementRegistry.zig
+++ b/src/browser/webapi/CustomElementRegistry.zig
@@ -73,9 +73,8 @@ pub fn define(self: *CustomElementRegistry, name: []const u8, constructor: js.Fu
             var js_arr = observed_attrs.toArray();
             for (0..js_arr.len()) |i| {
                 const attr_val = js_arr.get(@intCast(i)) catch continue;
-                const attr_name = attr_val.toString(.{ .allocator = page.arena }) catch continue;
-                const owned_attr = page.dupeString(attr_name) catch continue;
-                definition.observed_attributes.put(page.arena, owned_attr, {}) catch continue;
+                const attr_name = attr_val.toStringSliceWithAlloc(page.arena) catch continue;
+                definition.observed_attributes.put(page.arena, attr_name, {}) catch continue;
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/browser/webapi/KeyValueList.zig b/src/browser/webapi/KeyValueList.zig
index 27ce6f7b..e4c55c49 100644
--- a/src/browser/webapi/KeyValueList.zig
+++ b/src/browser/webapi/KeyValueList.zig
@@ -68,12 +68,11 @@ pub fn fromJsObject(arena: Allocator, js_obj: js.Object, comptime normalizer: ?N
 
     while (try it.next()) |name| {
         const js_value = try js_obj.get(name);
-        const value = try js_value.toString(.{});
         const normalized = if (comptime normalizer) |n| n(name, page) else name;
 
         list._entries.appendAssumeCapacity(.{
             .name = try String.init(arena, normalized, .{}),
-            .value = try String.init(arena, value, .{}),
+            .value = try js_value.toSSOWithAlloc(arena),
         });
     }
 
diff --git a/src/browser/webapi/Window.zig b/src/browser/webapi/Window.zig
index 3e96cc89..8b275c86 100644
--- a/src/browser/webapi/Window.zig
+++ b/src/browser/webapi/Window.zig
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ pub fn cancelIdleCallback(self: *Window, id: u32) void {
 pub fn reportError(self: *Window, err: js.Value, page: *Page) !void {
     const error_event = try ErrorEvent.initTrusted("error", .{
         .@"error" = try err.persist(),
-        .message = err.toString(.{}) catch "Unknown error",
+        .message = err.toStringSlice() catch "Unknown error",
         .bubbles = false,
         .cancelable = true,
     }, page);
diff --git a/src/browser/webapi/net/URLSearchParams.zig b/src/browser/webapi/net/URLSearchParams.zig
index e9384d28..cf13b81e 100644
--- a/src/browser/webapi/net/URLSearchParams.zig
+++ b/src/browser/webapi/net/URLSearchParams.zig
@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@ pub fn init(opts_: ?InitOpts, page: *Page) !*URLSearchParams {
                 if (js_val.isObject()) {
                     break :blk try KeyValueList.fromJsObject(arena, js_val.toObject(), null, page);
                 }
-                if (js_val.isString()) {
-                    break :blk try paramsFromString(arena, try js_val.toString(.{ .allocator = arena }), &page.buf);
+                if (js_val.isString()) |js_str| {
+                    break :blk try paramsFromString(arena, try js_str.toSliceWithAlloc(arena), &page.buf);
                 }
                 return error.InvalidArgument;
             },
diff --git a/src/main_wpt.zig b/src/main_wpt.zig
index a70aacc6..dbf2eea9 100644
--- a/src/main_wpt.zig
+++ b/src/main_wpt.zig
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ fn run(
         return err;
     };
 
-    return value.toString(.{ .allocator = arena });
+    return value.toStringSliceWithAlloc(arena);
 }
 
 const Writer = struct {